LED has the advantages of energy saving and environmental protection, and the development of the lighting industry has become a major trend. Since the technology and product attributes used in LEDs are quite different from those of conventional lamps, the current general lighting safety standard specifications are clearly not applicable. To assist the industry in addressing this issue, this issue will be explained in terms of the technology used in LED luminaires, the range of possible applications, and the safety assessments currently used by UL.
LED lighting technology and characteristics
The so-called LED lamps, as the name suggests, refer to the lighting products that use LED (Light-emitting Diode) technology as the main light source. LED is a solid-state semiconductor component that uses current to flow smoothly to the junction of the semiconductor pn junction, and then combines the negatively charged electrons separated from the semiconductor with the positively charged holes to generate photons. Launched, different types of LEDs emit light at different wavelengths, from infrared to blue, and from violet to ultraviolet. In recent years, new developments have been to apply fluorescent powder to blue LEDs to convert blue LEDs into white LED products. This operation generally needs to be matched with a driver circuit (LEDDriver) or a power supply (PowerSupply). The main function of the drive circuit or power supply is to convert the AC voltage into a DC power supply, and simultaneously complete the voltage and current corresponding to the LED. Drive the matching components.
LED lamps are small in size, light in weight, and encapsulated in epoxy resin. They can withstand high-strength mechanical shock and vibration, are not easily broken, and have a long decay period of brightness, so their service life can be as long as 50,000-100,000 hours. , far more than 1,000 hours of traditional tungsten light bulbs and 10,000 hours of fluorescent tubes. Since the LED lamp has a service life of 5 to 10 years, it can not only greatly reduce the cost of lamp replacement, but also has the ability to drive light due to its extremely small current. In the case of the same lighting effect, the power consumption is only One-half of the fluorescent tubes, so LEDs also have the advantages of power saving and energy saving. However, because some of the LED technology is still insufficient, the shortcomings originally used in the luminaire include poor light quality (color rendering, consistency, color temperature), low heat dissipation, and high price, and improper heat dissipation. This leads to the accelerated decay of the brightness of LED luminaires and the life of circuit components. With the rapid development of manufacturing technology in the past decade, the above-mentioned shortcomings, including the thermal resistance of LEDs, are gradually reduced, and the light quality is also improving. In 2008, in addition to LED white luminescence, the luminous efficiency has reached 100Lm/W, and the luminous efficiency of LED warm white light is expected to increase from the current 70Lm/W to 100Lm/W in 2010. Compared with other common light sources, the tungsten light bulb is about 15Lm/W, the fluorescent fluorescent lamp is about 45~60Lm/W, and the HID lamp is about 120~150Lm/W. The luminous efficiency of LED has obviously become more and more advantageous.
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