Abstract In order to accelerate the promotion and standardization of shale gas exploration and development, on the basis of the approval of shale gas as a new mineral by the State Council, the Ministry of Land and Resources recently issued a Notice on Strengthening the Exploration, Development and Supervision of Shale Gas Resources. Why is the "Notice" issued at this time, it...
In order to accelerate the promotion and standardization of shale gas exploration and development, on the basis of the State Council's approval of shale gas as a new mineral, the Ministry of Land and Resources recently issued a Notice on Strengthening the Exploration, Development and Supervision of Shale Gas Resources. Why is the "Notice" issued at this time, which will promote the development of shale gas in China?
Shale gas is a natural gas developed from the shale formation and has the advantages of long development life and long production cycle. As energy pressures increase, as an important supplement to conventional energy sources, shale gas gradually enters people's field of vision and is popular. At present, shale gas exploration and development has been carried out in more than 30 countries around the world. The United States is the earliest and most successful country for shale gas development.
China's shale gas exploration and development is still in the initial stage of exploration, and the initial evaluation of resource potential is large, and it is expected to become an important part of energy through efforts. According to data from the Ministry of Land and Resources, by 2020, China's natural gas consumption will reach 300 billion cubic meters per year. By then, if shale gas can reach 100 billion cubic meters, it will help reduce China's dependence on oil and gas and play a role in changing China's overall energy landscape.
The promulgation of the "Notice" aims to give full play to the basic role of market allocation resources, correctly guide and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of social entities, accelerate the promotion and standardization of shale gas exploration and development activities, and promote the rapid and orderly exploration and development of shale gas in China. ,healthy growth.
The same as oil and gas resource management, shale gas exploration and development registration is managed by the Ministry of Land and Resources. The difference is that the "Notice" stipulates that the shale gas exploration and development implements the "open market" principle, encouraging all types of investment entities in the society to enter the shale gas exploration and development field according to law. The "Notice" clarifies that an independent enterprise legal person can apply for shale gas exploration rights with corresponding capital capability, oil and gas or gas mineral exploration qualifications; if the applicant does not have oil, gas or gas mineral exploration qualifications, it can have corresponding geological exploration qualifications. The exploration unit cooperates to carry out shale gas exploration and development. This allows all types of investment entities to enter the shale gas exploration and development field.
For the shale gas exploration and development market, problems such as easy dislocation, lack of exploration, and mining rights speculation may be solved by strengthening supervision. The "Notice" stipulates that the shale gas exploration implements a commitment system.
Applicants for exploration rights shall, when applying for shale gas exploration rights, commit to exploration responsibility and obligations to the Ministry of Land and Resources, including capital investment, physical workload, exploration progress, comprehensive exploration, block withdrawal, breach of contract and accountability for breach of trust. Specifically in terms of supervision, the provincial and ministerial levels of supervision are implemented, and supervision is strengthened to ensure that the company's exploration commitments are fulfilled.
According to the investigation and evaluation of shale gas resources potential of the Ministry of Land and Resources, the potential of shale gas recoverable resources in China is 25 trillion cubic meters, and 180 favorable shale gas blocks are initially selected, covering an area of ​​1.11 million square kilometers. Among them, 77% of the favorable block area and 80% of the resource potential are in the existing oil and gas block.
In response to this situation, the Notice proposes policy measures to “encourage the exploration and development of shale gas in oil and gas blocksâ€. The so-called encouragement first encourages oil companies to preferentially explore and develop shale gas in their blocks. Secondly, if oil companies do not explore and develop, they will separately transfer shale gas exploration rights to other investors without affecting oil and natural gas exploration. . Thirdly, oil and natural gas exploration is insufficient, and the prospects are uncertain, but the blocks with potential for shale gas resources require oil companies to withdraw from the block and set up shale gas exploration rights.
China's shale gas exploration and development is still in the initial stage of exploration. The cost of exploration and development is high, the risk is high, and there is no economic benefit in the short term. This time, the "Notice" put forward more support measures: comprehensively carry out investigation and evaluation of shale gas resources, strengthen scientific and technological research on shale gas exploration and development, carry out shale gas exploration and development demonstration, and legally reduce the use fee of shale gas mining rights. And mineral resources compensation fees, guarantee the demand for shale gas exploration and development land, and establish a provincial coordination mechanism.
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