In the current construction and renovation, the use of waterproof membranes is already very common, but there are many kinds of common waterproof membranes. According to the main raw material classification, there are four major categories. We can learn more about waterproof materials based on relevant knowledge.
First, we must talk about asphalt waterproofing membranes. Such waterproofing membranes are mainly made of natural material asphalt, kerosene asphalt, and petroleum asphalt, and are also of many types, including asphalt oil stations, and water emulsions. Asphalt, as well as rubber-based asphalt coating, itself has a relatively strong waterproof and anti-corrosive properties, the use of durable.
There is also a rubber-plastic waterproofing membrane. Such coils use butyl rubber and polyurethane as raw materials, made of waterproof membranes, waterproof membranes, and some water-stopping membranes. It has better Tensile strength, elasticity is also good, elongation is also very good. And resistance to sleep habits and weather resistance is also worthy of respect. Use strong and firm.
In addition, when it is used, it is called cement-based waterproofing membrane. It has a relatively good waterproof, moisture-proof, and impervious effect on cement, and it can also act on underground works. The use of these waterproofing membranes is used to stop leaks. It's all perfect.
The last kind of thing, I have to talk about metallic waterproof membranes, thin steel sheets, pressed steel sheets, galvanized steel sheets can all be used as roofing panels, the role is waterproof, and the thin steel sheet can also be in the basement, etc. The use of underground buildings, waterproof effect is good, there will be no moisture, leakage. A decorative pattern that is more common when used on a building.
Waterproof membrane construction process
1. Environmental requirements
As people pay more attention to the quality of home life, the requirements for housing waterproofing are getting higher and higher. In order to ensure the quality of construction operations and the waterproofing of coiled materials, the indoor environment temperature is preferably +50C to +350C. The hot-melt process can be applied under conditions of temperatures above -100C.
2. Roof drainage slope requirements
In the construction of waterproofing membranes, the drainage slope of the flat roof is 2% to 3%. When the slope is smaller than the range, the slope is selected using the material for the best construction plan; if it is greater than 3%, the slope is selected by using the structure. . In which the slope within the range of 500mm diameter around the water fall should not be less than 5%. The ditch gap should not exceed 200mm. The longitudinal slope of the gutters and trenches should not be less than 1%.
3. Treatment of voids and cracks in roofing
If the base layer is a precast concrete slab and the gap between the slab and the slab is less than 20mm, fine stone concrete shall be used to fill the joint. Note that the stone particle size shall not exceed 10mm and its strength grade shall not be less than C20. When the gap width between the board and the board is greater than 40mm, 1 Ñ„ 6 steel bars or steel bars configured according to design requirements shall be provided within the board seam. After pouring the concrete of the board, it shall be timely covered and watered and cured for 7 days, when the concrete strength level reaches C15 Can continue construction.
If the grass-roots floor is cast-in-place reinforced concrete, then when there are cracks in the slab, the chisel should be used to chisel the cracks to a width of 15 to 20mm, deep down the figure-shaped groove, and then clear away the gravel, blow clean the grooves, and then Fill the cracks two to three times every 15 minutes with caulking. After the crack is full, use a roller to flatten it.
4. Requirements for roof screed
The roofing leveling house is the most basic layer of the membrane waterproofing layer, and it is intended to provide a flat, dense and strong structural base with high adhesiveness. Therefore, it should be solid when laying a flat sheet, and no prominent sharp corners, pits, and surface sanding should occur. When checking with a ruler, the gap between the ruler and the leveling surface must not exceed 5 mm. When leveling adjacent corners, they should be rounded or obtuse.
It is made within a range of 500mm around the water fall, with a gradient of ≥ 5% and smooth.
The base of the parapet, the flue of the exit roof, and the base of the staircase were made into a circular arc with a radius of 80 mm and made of fine stone enamel.
Extend around the roots of the roofing pipe and make a square frustum with fine stone sill. The bottom width of the frustum is 300mm and the height is 60mm.
5. Its housing treatment agent
In order to ensure the integrity, the adhesion between the waterproofing membrane and the base layer is strengthened. Before the waterproofing membrane construction process, the coating on the base layer is first applied. The base layer treatment agent generally used is a cold base oil, The primer (primary layer treatment agent) that is compatible with various polymer modified bitumen membranes and synthetic polymer membranes should, of course, be compatible with the material of the coils in order to avoid corrosion and incompatibility of the coils. Bonding and so on some bad detachment phenomenon.
6. Waterproof membrane
Paving direction: In the pavement of waterproofing membranes, the direction of paving should be determined according to the slope of the roof and whether there is vibration on the roof. When the roof slope is <3%, the membrane should be laid parallel to the roof. When the roof slope is in the range of 3% to 15%, it can be laid parallel or perpendicular to the ridge; when >15% or subject to vibration, the asphalt membrane should be laid perpendicular to the ridge, of course, according to the actual situation in other cases. And choose the direction of the waterproofing membrane.
The order of the coiled material: Before the waterproofing material is laid, the node, the additional layer, and the roof drainage must be concentrated first, and the joints between the roof and the water falloff are firstly performed, and the corners, gutters, gutters, and roof corners are formed first. Processing at the place, board end seams, etc., and then proceeding upwards from the lowest elevation of the roof. When paving the gutters and sewers, it is best to reduce the overlap in the direction of Shuntiangou and Dakou.
Of course, when there are multiple spans and roofs with high and low spans, the order of paving should be high first, then low, and first and last.
Web lap method and width. Lap-up method is adopted for the surfacing material. The overlapping joints of the upper and lower layers and the two adjacent coils should be staggered. The lap joints parallel to the roof ridges should overlap in the direction of the water flow: the lap joints perpendicular to the roof ridges should be smoothly connected with the prevailing wind direction. Laminated layers of membranes shall be cross-connected at the junction of the gutter and the roof. The lap joints shall be staggered; the seams shall be left on the sides of the roof or gutter and should not be left at the bottom of the trenches.
For arched roofs with a slope of more than 25% and slopes below the skylights, short-edge laps should be avoided as much as possible. When short-edge laps must be made, measures should be taken to prevent the roll-off of the coils at the lap joints.
7. Waterproofing coil details
The base of the intersection between the flooding and the roof should be made into an obtuse angle (>1350) or an arc (R=50~100mm), and the height of the waterproof layer to the vertical surface should not be less than 250mm, and is usually 300mm; the closing of the coil material should be strict, In order to prevent water leakage at the outlet, the membrane waterproof gargle is divided into free fall water and provocation, and there are several types of gutters in the daughter's wall.
' Conclusion: waterproof membrane is mainly used for building walls and roofs as well as tunnels, roads, landfills, etc., it can withstand external rain, ground water leakage of a kind of flexible products can be rolled into a roll shape , As the foundation of the project and the building without leakage connection, waterproof membrane construction process can be said to be the first barrier of the entire project waterproof, plays an important role in the entire housing renovation project.