Ammonium bicarbonate should not be applied deeper than 6 cm into the soil, and it is essential to cover the soil immediately after application. This is because ammonium bicarbonate, often referred to as "gas fertilizer," tends to decompose quickly under certain conditions. In a greenhouse environment, where temperatures are higher and air circulation is limited, it can easily release ammonia gas, leading to significant losses of nitrogen and potential damage to plants. Therefore, it's best to avoid using this fertilizer in enclosed spaces.
Ammonium sulfate is considered a physiological acid-forming fertilizer. Prolonged use of ammonium sulfate on the same piece of land can gradually increase soil acidity, which may harm soil structure and reduce its fertility over time. In alkaline soils, the ammonium ions from ammonium sulfate are absorbed by the soil particles, while the sulfate ions remain in the soil. These sulfate ions can react with calcium, causing soil compaction and making the soil harder and less workable.
When chlorinated fertilizers such as ammonium chloride or potassium chloride are applied to saline-alkali soils, the chloride ions tend to accumulate in the soil over time. This accumulation can lead to increased soil salinity, worsening the existing salt stress and negatively affecting plant growth. It is important to manage the use of such fertilizers carefully, especially in areas already suffering from high salinity or alkalinity.
In summary, understanding the characteristics and potential side effects of different fertilizers is crucial for maintaining healthy soil and maximizing crop productivity. Proper application methods and careful selection of fertilizers based on soil type and environmental conditions can help prevent long-term soil degradation and improve agricultural sustainability.
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