The research and application of nematicides began late and developed slowly. In 1881, France preferred to use CS2 to treat soil to control beet nematodes; in 1919, it was found that the chlorinated bitumen crop; in 1943, the entomologist Carter of the Hawaii Pineapple Institute discovered that the drop mixture had a killing crop; in 1955, McBride The nematics of dibromopropane was reported to be in addition to linear phosphorus; in 1962, U.S. Union Carbide Company developed aldicarb; in 1969, DuPont developed the herb, and FMC developed carbamate and Other carbamates. Nematodes Many organophosphate nematicides were developed in the 1970s and 1980s.
The main types of nematicides are two types of pesticides used to kill nematodes. One is obligate nematicides, which are pesticides that specifically control nematodes. The other is facultative nematicides, which have multiple uses. For example, chloropicrin, methyl bromide and drip mixture have poisonous crops for underground pests, pathogenic bacteria and nematodes, and cotton can kill nematodes, kill insects, sterilize and weed. Classified by crop method, divided into fumigation nematicides and non-fumigation nematicides. Classified by chemical structure, divided into:
Organic sulfurs such as carbon disulfide and carbon oxysulfide.
Halogenated hydrocarbons such as chloropicrin, methyl bromide, methyl iodide, dichloropropane, dibromohexane, dibromopropane, dibromoethylene, dibromochloropropane; bromochloropropane. This type of nematicide has a high vapor pressure, mostly a soil fumigant, which directly kills nematodes by spreading the agent through the soil. However, due to the disadvantages of high toxicity to humans and high dosage in the field, the development of such nematicides has been restricted, and dibromoethane and dibromochloropropane have been banned.
Methyl thioisothiocyanate, such as Weibaimu, Mianlong. This type of nematicide releases methyl thioisothiocyanate, which releases cyanide ions and kills nematodes.
Organic phosphorus. Such as line phosphorus, Fengsuo phosphorus, amine line phosphorus, butaline phosphorus, benzene line phosphorus, propyl phosphorus, sulphur phosphorus, chlorpyrifos (Miler). These nematicides have developed rapidly and have more varieties. Its mechanism of action is that cholinesterase is inhibited and poisoned, and nematodes are generally sensitive to such agents. Many varieties have a systemic effect, while others have a contact-killing effect. The common feature is that the nematicidal spectrum is relatively wide and there are few residues in the soil, which is an ideal nematicide.
Carbamates, such as indigo, carbofuran, butyl thiocarbamate (good winter). Its mechanism of action is mainly to damage nerve activity, reduce nematode migration, infestation and feeding on plants, thereby reducing the reproduction and harm of nematodes. The nematicidal spectrum of such nematicides is relatively broad, but the toxicity is very high. Carbofuran is a highly toxic pesticide, and it is a highly toxic pesticide.
other. Such as dichloroisopropyl ether, grass Weiwei, formaldehyde.
Drip blends, dibromoethane, and dibromopropane have been widely used nematicides, but since the 1,2-dichloropropane in the drop mix is ​​too low, it is not currently on sale. Dibromoethane has been teratogenic and carcinogenic to animals and has been banned. In addition to line phosphorus is the first organophosphate nematicide, it is also the first non-fumigant nematicide, but the nematicides used in China's production mainly include phenylphosphorus, propylphosphine, sulphur, and chlorine. Oxazophos, methylisophosphorus, aldicarb, carbofur, etc.
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