With the continuous decline in the construction machinery market in recent years, sales of construction equipment have gradually decreased. As China's largest crawler bulldozer manufacturer, Shantui has also been affected by this trend. To reduce production costs and improve economic benefits, a comprehensive analysis was conducted on the structural design and mechanical properties of bulldozers, leading to the proposal of a rational selection between Q235B and Q345B materials.
Through detailed comparisons of the chemical composition and mechanical properties of Q235B and Q345B, it was found that Q345B can be used to replace part of the Q235B material in certain structural components of the bulldozer. By reducing the thickness of the steel plates while maintaining the same structural performance, material usage and weight can be significantly reduced, thus achieving cost savings and improved efficiency.
In terms of material comparison, Table 1 shows the chemical composition differences between Q235B and Q345B, while Table 2 presents their mechanical properties. According to the company’s 2011 data, the consumption of both materials is outlined in Table 3. The welding process for both materials was tested under the same parameters, following the standard Q/STB12.606-2000. Both materials demonstrated good weldability, with Q345B showing higher tensile strength (≥345 MPa) compared to Q235B (≥235 MPa).
The test results confirmed that the weld quality met the required standards. Using Q345B instead of Q235B allows for thinner plates, which leads to lower material costs. For example, a 10mm thick Q345B plate can replace a 14mm thick Q235B plate. Based on the price comparison in Table 5, replacing half of the Q235B material in 5,000 bulldozers annually could save approximately 3.87 million yuan, or about 775 yuan per unit.
In conclusion, replacing Q235B with Q345B not only reduces material costs but also improves structural performance. It requires modifications in part dimensions, thickness, and welding grooves, as well as some adjustments in tooling. It is recommended to prioritize Q345B in future product designs to achieve cost reduction without compromising performance.
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