Hydrogen evolution and supercapacitor material structure design and mechanism study of Shanghai silicates

With the annual consumption of fossil energy, the development and utilization of new energy and energy storage components has become a hot spot, among which the new hydrogen energy and supercapacitors are two areas where research is very active. Hydrogen is a highly efficient and clean fuel, and hydrogen evolution from electrolyzed water does not generate greenhouse gases. It is environmentally friendly and an ideal way to produce hydrogen. Supercapacitors are a new type of energy storage device with excellent charge and discharge life and high power density, and are expected to achieve partial or full replacement of conventional chemical batteries. Although a variety of nanomaterials (such as transition metal compounds, heteroatom-modified complex carbon materials) have shown excellent electrochemical performance as hydrogen-producing or supercapacitor electrodes, the current complicated preparation process and severe structural control are severely restricted. Its further application.

Recently, the Research Group of Combination Technologies and New Materials of the Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences has made important progress in the structure regulation, performance optimization, and mechanism research of new electrode materials. Using low-cost raw materials as the precursor, the team successfully synthesized a carbon-coated Mo2C ultrafine nanoparticle with excellent electrocatalytic hydrogen production performance using a solid-phase method (Fig. 1). The high specific surface area of ​​the ultra-fine Mo2C particles facilitates the increase of reactive sites on the surface of the active material. At the same time, the high conductivity of the graphite layer greatly promotes the electron transport and significantly reduces the overpotential of the hydrogen evolution reaction. This novel hydrogen-producing catalyst is similar to commercial catalyst Pt (20wt%)/C, and has excellent stability (Figure 2), simple preparation method, low raw material cost, etc. It has been successfully extended to other carbon package carbonization. Preparation (W2C, VC, etc.) Nanoparticles Preparation and Application. This work was recently published in the international journal Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., DOI: 10.1002/anie.201506727. The reviewer highly praised the work and concluded that the unique structure, excellent catalytic activity and stability of the non-precious metal hydrogen evolution catalyst make it possible to replace expensive Pt/C commercial catalysts.

In addition, the research group cooperated with Professor Chao Guozhong of the University of Washington in the United States to successfully prepare a sulfur heteroatom-modified carbon aerogel electrode material with excellent supercapacitor performance by sol-gel method. The graphitization of sulfur-inducing carbon materials was first described. The mechanism of the process. The specific capacitance value of the prepared electrode material was as high as 120.4 F/g in the organic electrolyte system, and at the same time it still maintained a specific capacitance value of over 94% after 2000 charge-discharge cycles, exhibiting excellent cycle stability (FIG. 3). ). This work was recently published in the journal Nano Energy, 2015, 12, 567. The reviewers highly evaluated the research results of this paper: "The author of this article reported for the first time that sulfur-induced graphitization improves the specific capacitance value of carbon materials and will provide important scientific basis and practical significance for the development of high-performance organic supercapacitors. ”

The main research personnel of the above-mentioned work are Ma Jiaguang and Zhou Yao, who recently joined the research team, and Wang Jiacheng, a researcher of the 100-person plan of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The above research work has been funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the 100-person plan of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission.

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