The creek of granite: the stone as the medium

Xicheng held a stone fair to expand its influence with stone as a medium

In the winter, the temperature plummeted. In the eyes of investors, the heat of Shidu Tunxi is not reduced. At the just-concluded 2nd Cangzhou·Quxi Stone Building Materials Expo (hereinafter referred to as “Shibohui”), 585 companies gathered in the past three days, and over 100,000 people came to watch the exhibition. The contract value of 30 projects was more than 15.2 billion yuan.

“The products are in short supply, and many foreign merchants want to cooperate with us further. We plan to expand a factory.” Huang Wenyong, general manager of a large stone plate factory in Tunxi City, said that after the first stone fair was held last year, the factory produced monthly output. 300,000 square meters, sales growth of 30% year-on-year, the products are not only exported to the Middle East, Russia and other places, but also attracted some businesses to visit.

Since the first Stone Expo held last year, this year's stone industry enterprises in Tunxi City have received orders, and the firepower of machinery and equipment has been fully opened. The data from January to October show that the city's stone industry has cleared the number of vehicles, which is 34.26%, which is nearly 30%. The highest value in the year.

Known as “China's granite capital”, Tunxi City has a resource reserve of 2.1 billion cubic meters. There are 28 large and small mines in the city, more than 400 stone enterprises, and more than 30,000 employees. There are Quxihong, Sanbaohong and Sesame. Variety of colorful stones, etc., have been smash hit. A few years ago, due to the influence of traditional production methods, the industry was once in a cold winter.

In order to solve the problem of “small scattered pollution” in the stone industry, Tunxi City vigorously implemented the stone industry “retreating into the city” and the transformation and upgrading strategy: in the construction of the park, the development and construction of the Sanxing, Sanbao revitalization, the road, and the road The road level is four stone processing areas with a total planned area of ​​more than 3,000 mu. In terms of enterprise development, the company has insisted on implementing “returning to the city and entering the park”. So far, it has moved into the park and built 58 stone enterprises. In mining, encourage and Support mine owners to update and renovate equipment technology, and basically complete technical transformation such as mechanical cutting and mining. The mine yield rate will increase from 25% to 60%, and resource utilization rate will increase from 30% to 80%. The labor cost has dropped significantly; in the aspect of sheet metal processing, the company has guided and supported the development of medium and high-end products. At present, the products are developing towards diversification, ultra-thin, and special stone stone art; in the comprehensive utilization of waste stone pulp, construction in Fuxintang A waste comprehensive utilization processing area covering an area of ​​280 mu is planned. At present, 5 enterprises have entered the park to develop artificial stone plates, profiles and handicrafts. Now the "turning waste into treasure," "Midas touch."

The first Zhangzhou·Xunxi Stone Building Materials Expo, a large number of merchants gathered in Tunxi, they took the mine, watched the enterprise, watched the exhibition, talked about cooperation, contracted, signed the stone product contract sales of 2.25 billion yuan, mining equipment, processing equipment sales 250 million yuan, and stimulated more than 700 million yuan of technological transformation investment. Each stone processing area has seen a new scene of day and night production that has never been seen for many years, setting off a new upsurge in the construction of the stone industry. At the second session of Zhangzhou·Xunxi Stone Building Materials Expo, the contracted sales of stone products (including blocks, plates, profiles, handicrafts, waste stones, etc.) were 2.375 billion yuan, and the order for mining equipment and processing equipment was 280 million yuan. The two sessions of the Stone Fair set up a platform for cooperation and exchange for the Tunxi stone industry, promoting exchanges and cooperation between Tunxi and domestic and foreign stone enterprises, and making the business card of “China's Granite Capital” a new vitality.

Mo Shijian, director of the Industrial and Commercial Bureau of Luxi City, said that the city has formed a relatively complete industrial chain of mining, sheet metal processing, stone carving stone, comprehensive utilization of stone pulp waste, stone transportation and sales, etc., and will actively create “green stone capital” in the future. It is planned to build 1-2 waste stone pulp processing projects in each stone processing area to recycle the waste stone pulp, and strive to achieve a production value of more than 20 billion yuan at the end of the “13th Five-Year Plan” period.

Sintered NdFeB magnets are prepared by the raw materials being melted in a furnace, cast into a mold and cooled to form ingots. The ingots are pulverized and milled; the powder is then sintered into dense blocks. The blocks are then heat-treated, cut to shape, surface treated and magnetized.

As of 2012, 50,000 tons of neodymium magnets are produced officially each year in China, and 80,000 tons in a "company-by-company" build-up done in 2013. China produces more than 95% of rare earth elements, and produces about 76% of the world's total rare-earth magnets.

Neodymium magnets are graded according to their maximum energy product, which relates to the magnetic flux output per unit volume. Higher values indicate stronger magnets and range from N35 up to N52. Letters following the grade indicate maximum operating temperatures (often the Curie temperature), which range from M (up to 100 °C) to EH (200 °C).

Sintered Nd2Fe14B tends to be vulnerable to corrosion, especially along grain boundaries of a sintered magnet. This type of corrosion can cause serious deterioration, including crumbling of a magnet into a powder of small magnetic particles, or spallingof a surface layer.
This vulnerability is addressed in many commercial products by adding a protective coating to prevent exposure to the atmosphere. Nickel plating or two-layered copper-nickel plating are the standard methods, although plating with other metals, or polymer and lacquer protective coatings are also in use.

Neodymium magnets have replaced alnico and ferrite magnets in many of the myriad applications in modern technology where strong permanent magnets are required, because their greater strength allows the use of smaller, lighter magnets for a given application. Some examples are:
ï‚·Head actuators for computer hard disks
ï‚·Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
ï‚·Mechanical e-cigarette firing switches
ï‚·Locks for doors
ï‚·Loudspeakers and headphones
ï‚·Magnetic bearings and couplings
ï‚·Electric motors:
ï‚·Cordless tools
ï‚·Servomotors
ï‚·Lifting and compressor motors
ï‚·Synchronous motors
ï‚·Spindle and stepper motors
ï‚·Electrical power steering
ï‚·Drive motors for hybrid and electric vehicles. The electric motors of each Toyota Prius require 1 kilogram (2.2 pounds) of neodymium.
ï‚·Actuators
ï‚·Electric generators for wind turbines (only those with permanent magnet excitation)
ï‚·Direct-drive wind turbines require c. 600 kg of PM material per megawatt
ï‚·Turbines using gears require less PM material per megawatt
ï‚·Toys

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