According to foreign media reports, British company Oxis said that they have developed safe, high-density lithium-sulfur battery chemistry and will provide Texas Aircraft Manufacturing with a 90kWh next-generation battery pack. The battery pack will power the electric aircraft eColt, which can support a two-hour, 230-mile flight.
Lithium-sulfur battery is one of many battery technologies that compete to replace lithium-ion as the king of next-generation batteries. In theory, in a battery of a given size and weight, it can hold five times more power than a lithium battery. In addition, because sulfur is a cheap and abundant raw material, this battery can be much cheaper than current lithium batteries.
However, in actual operation they encountered some problems-especially the cliché of dendritic formation, in which ion deposition on the anode would form a long tip of conductive material which would cause the battery to short circuit and catch fire. Lithium metal anodes also tend to degrade in less dangerous ways, and this will eventually only lead to battery depletion.
In an article written for IEEE Spectrum, Oxis battery development lead Mark Crittenden detailed how his team used a thin layer of ceramic material on the anode to solve these problems and result in a longer than previous lithium battery design life. A much longer high-energy battery.
"A typical lithium-ion battery design can hold 100 to 265 Wh/kg, depending on other performance characteristics that have been optimized such as peak power or long life," Crittenden wrote. "Oxis has recently developed a lithium-sulfur polymer The prototype battery has been proven to reach 470 Wh/kg, and we expect to reach 500 Wh/kg within a year. Since this technology is still very new and there is room for improvement, it is expected to reach 600 Wh/kg in 2025. Not unreasonable."
In addition, the volume density also looks promising. The goal of exceeding 800 Wh/l in the future points to some very concealed long-range electric vehicles. I hope that all this will not be too far.
However, in terms of longevity, the situation still seems not so good. Oxis website wrote: "In the next two years, our goal is to double the current cycle life to more than 500 times." But it is worth remembering that the longer the battery life, the less frequent the need to charge. If the lithium-sulfur battery can last the phone for two days instead of just one day, it can last for more than three years with 500 recharges.
However, this kind of battery is proved to be safe and withstand voltage, and it has an additional advantage, that is, they can be used in the charging range of 0-100%, while lithium-ion batteries usually need to be kept within 10% of the full charge range. -90% to avoid overcharging.
The eColt that Oxis showed to Texas Aircraft Manufacturing is a 90kwh version with an energy density of 400 Wh/kg. This makes it about 40% lighter than similar lithium-ion battery packs. This is Oxis's high-power battery pack, designed for high charge and discharge rates, but at the expense of some energy density.
Texas and Oxis have factories in Brazil. Power system supplier WEG and AKAER Group, which provides battery management systems, also have factories in Brazil, so this will become a project in Brazil.
It is reported that the Colt S-LSA is designed as a solid training machine for commercial airline pilots, while eColt is positioned as an efficient and clean training platform for new pilots, and because of its simple electric drive system, its operating cost is much lower. .
Right now, Oxis is studying other applications of its high-density batteries, especially in the high-altitude pseudolite market. The company also believes that it can be competitive in the eVTOL market and is working on other fixed-wing electric aircraft projects. In addition, it is also working on solutions for buses and trucks.
It is understood that the company's electrolyte and cathode active material production plant in Wales is currently under construction. In addition, it plans to start mass production of batteries at a Mercedes plant in Minas Gerais, Brazil around 2023. The first phase of the base will achieve the goal of producing up to 5 million batteries per year.
Pyrite as Fillers Used in Grinding Wheels/ Abrasive Tools
Ablation grinding wheel / abrasive( filling agent )
PYRITE__As fillers used in grinding wheels/ abrasive tools
Place of Origin: Henan Luoyang, China
Pyrite, Iron pyrites, pyrites lump, Ferro sulphur, Pyrites powder.
Product Description
Detailed introduction: is filling agent for ablating grinding wheel abrasive, which can effectively reduce the grinding wheel temperature during ablation, improve the heat resistance, and prolong the service life of the grinding wheel.
Formation of a protective layer
(1)The reaction absorbing oxygen occurs between 400 and 475 degrees, thereby reducing the oxidation of resin, reducing the oxidation burn of workpieces, and prolonging the working life of grinding wheels at high temperature.
4 FeS2 + 11 O2→2 Fe2O3 + 8 SO2
(2) 4 FeS + 7 O2→4 Fe2O3 + 4 SO2
400-475 degrees is a limit that the grinding wheel can easily reach. The above reaction creates an oxygen-free and hypoxic environment for the grinding wheel at the micro level, thereby improving the high-temperature performance of the grinding wheel.
Decomposition reaction occurs at 650-degree heat absorption, thereby reducing the working temperature of the grinding wheels.
FeS2→FeS + S
(3) It enters the melting state at about 1100 degrees, which becomes a good lubricant to protect the grinding wheel FeS(s)→FeS(l).
(4)Sulfur, sulfur dioxide and sulfur trioxide react with the workpiece surface to form FexSy:
Quality:
S: 48%min, FE: 42%min, SIO2: 3.0%max, PB: 0.1%max,
ZN: 0.1%max, AS: 0.1%max, . C: 0.3%max, CU: 0.2%max,
H20: 1.0%max, SIZE: 95%min
Granularity: (0-3)mm/(3-8)mm/(3-15)mm/(15-50)mm or other particle size.
Packing: 25KG/500KG/1000KG/BAG or 1000KG/BAG or other packaging.
Note: if there are special requirements, the product can be customized according to clients` requirements.
Iron Sulphide For Resin Grinding Wheel---LHT(SL)
Iron sulphide for resin grinding wheel Pyrite, Iron pyrites, pyrites lump, Ferro sulphur, Pyrites powder
LUOYANG PERFECT TRADING CO.LTD, , https://www.pyritefes.com