Since the 1950s, crystalline silicon has been the material of choice for solar cell manufacturers. Compared with other similar materials, crystalline silicon has the highest conversion efficiency and stability, but it also has a defect, that is, transparency. But scientists from South Korea believe that they have found a solution, that is, drilling holes in crystalline silicon.
Transparent solar cells can bring tremendous benefits to human renewable energy, and have a wide range of application scenarios, such as replacing windows in skyscrapers, skylights in cars, and smartphone screens. In the process of pursuing transparency, scientists explored different materials and different solar cell designs, but they all sacrificed to some degree in efficiency, transparency, and long-term stability.
However, scientists from the Ulsan National Institute of Science and Korea University in South Korea believe that their new transparent solar cells will not make any compromises. Kwanyong Seo, co-senior author of the paper, said: "My team members have concluded through many tests that crystalline silicon is the best material for the development of glassy, ​​efficient, high stability and neutral color solar cells. This project is for all of us It ’s a crazy idea. The problem is that crystalline silicon is not transparent, so before us, no one tried to make transparent crystalline silicon with neutral colors. "
Seo and his team made a major breakthrough in this area. They drilled a bunch of small holes in crystalline silicon. To avoid the reddish tint and other colors of transparent solar cells that used to be, the research team drilled holes in the crystalline silicon that are the size of human hair, allowing light to pass through.
The holes are arranged in a well-designed pattern, which is invisible to the naked eye. In the test, the transparent solar cell has long-term stability with a conversion efficiency of 12.2%. This is still far from the 20-25% efficiency of commercial solar cells, but it has been significantly improved relative to the transparent solar cells currently under development.
The research team also tested the potential application scenarios of using this transparent solar cell as a window. Under low-angle light in the test, the current loss of conventional solar cells is about 30%. In addition, scientists also found that low-angle light can reduce the current of solar cells by less than 4%.
Seo said: "We want to replace existing windows. We need to overcome many difficulties, such as laws and regulations. We also need to have mechanical stability and strength in order to use our equipment to replace the current windows in the building."
Related papers were published in "Joule."
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