The invention of epoxy resin has been going on for quite a long time. As early as 1891, Lindmann of Germany reacted with hydroquinone by reacting hydroquinone with epichlorohydrin and curing it with an acid anhydride. But its use value has not been revealed. In 1930, Pierre Castan of Switzerland and SOGreenlee of the United States further studied the curing of the above resin with an organic polyamine, which showed high bonding strength, which attracted people's attention. Broadly speaking, epoxy resins can be synthesized from a parent compound containing an alkenyl group or from a parent compound containing an active hydrogen atom. The epoxidation of olefins was first reported in the early 20th century, but it was not until the mid-1940s that Swern and his partners in the US Department of Agriculture began to study the epoxidation of polyunsaturated natural oils. The production of high molecular weight monoepoxides has attracted interest in a wide range of industrial scale developments. It was applied to epoxy resin synthesis technology 10 years later.
The reaction product of bisphenol A with epichlorohydrin was reported in the mid-1920s, and 15 years later, the production technology of unstable epoxidized fatty amine intermediates was pioneered. In 1933, Schlack [1] in Germany studied the separation technology of modern bisphenol A epoxy resin with bisphenol A. Although Schlack reported the reaction of diepoxides with organic acids, mineral acids, amines and thiols a year later, the industrial value of bisphenol A epoxy resins was determined by Castan of De Trey Freres, Switzerland, and Devoe & Rayno1ds of the United States. Greenlee. In 1936, Castan produced an amber epichlorohydrin-bisphenol A resin and reacted with phthalic anhydride to produce industrially significant thermosets for casting and molding. In early 1939, Greenlee also produced a high molecular weight bisphenol A epichlorohydrin resin for use in advanced thermoset coatings. From 1937 to 1939, Europe tried to fill the teeth with epoxy resin, but it was not successful. In addition, before the Second World War, there was no comprehensive development of epoxy technology.
Shortly after the war, Devoe & Rayno1ds began trial production of coating resins, and CIBA was licensed by De Trey Freres to further develop liquid epoxy resins for liquid coatings, laminates and adhesives. 1943 Castan's basic patent license. However, the first industrially valuable epoxy resin was manufactured by Devoe-Raynolds in the United States in 1947. It opened up the technical history of epichlorohydrin-bisphenol A resin, and epoxy resin began industrial development. It is considered to be a technological advancement superior to older phenolic resins and polyester resins.
This resin is comparable to most other thermoset plastics and performs better than phenolics and polyphenols in some specialty applications. Soon CIBA (Ciba) in Switzerland, Shell (shell spleen) and Dow (Dow) in the United States began the industrial production and application development of epoxy resin. In the late 1950s, Ciba and Devoe-Raynolds continued to study glycidyl ether epoxy resins, and Shell Chemical Company only supplied epichlorohydrin. Union Carbide Plastics Co., Ltd. first produced phenolic resins and doubles. Phenol A, European Ciba and Shell have developed epoxy resins.
In the summer of 1955, four basic epoxy resins were licensed for manufacturing in the United States, and Dow Chemical co. and Reichho1d Compound Company established epoxy resin production lines. At the same time as ordinary bisphenol A epoxy resin production applications, some new epoxy resins have been introduced. For example, in 1956, U.S. Union Carbide began selling alicyclic epoxy resins. In 1959, Dow Chemical Company produced phenolic epoxy resins. In about 1960, Koppers, Co. produced o-cresol aldehydes. At the beginning of 1965, Ciba began producing and distributing the resin. Between 1955 and 1965, the quality of epoxy resin was significantly improved, and bisphenol A epoxy resin had all the grades of average relative molecular quality grade. Phenolic epoxy establishes superior performance for significant high temperature applications. Shell Chemicals and Co., Ltd. produce a variety of special temperature-resistant resins such as phenol glycidyl ether, and manufacturers also offer aliphatic polyol-epichlorohydrin resins. Unio Carbide has developed p-aminophenol triglycidyl ether resin. In 1957, the patent for the synthesis process of epoxy resin was applied by Shell Developmet co., which studied the application process of curing agent and filler, and revealed the application of epoxy resin cured product.
The epoxy resin synthesized by peracetic acid was originally introduced by Union Carbide Corporation in 1956 and resold to Union Carbon Plastics in 1964. In Europe, industrialized cycloaliphatic epoxy resins were introduced in the early 1960s. They were introduced to the United States by Ciba in 1963. In 1965, Ciba introduced many polyfunctional epoxy varieties of carbon-based plastics, about 1960 FMC CORP. The distribution of epoxidized polybutadiene began. In the mid-1970s, the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Switzerland, West Germany, Belgium, Argentina, Mexico, Poland, Czechoslovakia and the Soviet Union began to manufacture bisphenol A epoxy resin and some new epoxy resins. In the 1970s, the electronic grade application of low chlorine content began, and the flame retardant ring of five-membered cyclohexene epoxy, hydrogenated bisphenol A epoxy and other anti-aging resins and tetrabromobisphenol A epoxy, bromine-containing epoxy compounds, etc. Oxygen resins have been developed. In the 1980s, a new multifunctional epoxy resin with a complex amine and phenolic structure was developed to meet the needs of the composite industry.
Recently, waterborne epoxy resins and fused ring temperature and moisture resistant epoxy resins have been developed. Due to the increase in the variety of epoxy resins and the development of application technology, epoxy resin has made breakthroughs in the fields of electrical insulation, anti-corrosion coatings, metal structure bonding, etc. Therefore, epoxy resin has developed vigorously as an industry; Variety and application development are still very active. Since 1960, hundreds of epoxy resins have been industrially developed. 40 to 50 different structures of epoxy can be commercialized or supplied by intermediate test plants. More than 100 kinds of industrial curing agents and a large number of modifiers and thinners are matched, which is just around the corner.
China's development of epoxy resin began in 1956, and it was first successful in Shenyang and Shanghai. In 1958, Shanghai and Wuxi began industrial production. In the mid-1960s, some new alicyclic epoxy resins were studied: phenolic epoxy resin, polybutadiene epoxy resin, glycidyl ester epoxy resin, glycidylamine epoxy resin, etc., and by the end of the 1970s China had Formed a complete industrial system from monomer, resin, auxiliary materials, from scientific research, production to application.
Epoxy resin has excellent physical and mechanical properties, electrical insulation properties, chemical resistance and bonding properties. It can be used as a coating, casting material, molding material, adhesive, laminate in direct or indirect form to penetrate into daily life. Supplies to all aspects of the national economy in the high-tech sector. For example: aircraft, composite materials in spacecraft, packaging materials for large-scale integrated circuits, insulation materials for generators, coatings for steel and wood, adhesives for mechanical civil engineering, and even inner coatings for food cans and metal resist electrophoretic coating A large amount of epoxy resin is used in the installation. It has become an indispensable material in the development of the national economy. Its production and application level can also reflect the development of a country's industrial technology from one side.
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