In painting, there are various solvents containing benzene and benzene compounds such as toluene and xylene. Commonly used industrial solvents such as ethanol and butanol in diluents are also toxic, and some are extremely toxic, such as methanol. The presence of these toxic substances has certain toxic effects on the human nervous system, respiratory system, and skin. The most common occurrences are benzene poisoning and lacquer poisoning. In the painting process, a large amount of volatile gas is often generated and diffused in the air. These large amounts of toxic hot gases, if inhaled by the human body, can cause nervous system diseases, and are generally dizzy, palpitations, and nausea and vomiting. Frequent contact with various solvents and toxic gases on the fingers and other parts can also cause skin corrosion, defatting, itching, roughening, and cracking.
In the painting environment, working 8 hours a day, although working in a safe environment, everyone's sensitivity and affordability are not exactly the same. The longer the time is, the longer the time is spent, and it is inevitable that the body will not be affected. Therefore, the necessary protective measures must be taken at the painting work site, which can be considered from the following aspects.
First, establish the first thought of safety, enhance the concept of protection
When carrying out painting construction, it is necessary to establish the first thought of safety, strengthen the concept of protection, and implement specific safety protection measures. First of all, it is necessary to understand the type and characteristics of the paint, the manner of damage to the human body by the toxicity, the precautions for the use of the paint, and the first-aid measures when poisoning may occur. Especially in the indoor, cabin, underground construction sites, mines, vehicles and other poorly ventilated or not ventilated environment construction, must not exceed the maximum allowable concentration of solvents and working hours.
Beforehand, the construction personnel must understand the signs for the possession of toxic solvents, and master the safe use of solvents. In particular, the person in charge of construction and the person in charge of safety must establish a clear post responsibility system, supervise and inspect the implementation of safety production and labor protection regulations and relevant operating procedures. The use of construction methods, the release of labor protection products, and the normal operation of ventilation and ventilation equipment must be supervised as necessary, and safety education should always be carried out for construction personnel, and the concepts of safety first thought and labor protection should be firmly established to eliminate all kinds of inconveniences. The hidden dangers of security ensure safe production.
Second, ensure the normal operation of construction equipment and safety protection devices
In the process of painting construction, the correct construction process, normal intact construction equipment and safety protection devices are the fundamental guarantees for safe production. They are indispensable and a complete system engineering.
Today, with the rapid development of science and technology, in all modern people pay attention to the modern production of safety, the general conditions of painting production sites are still relatively good. However, in some maintenance enterprises, some township and village enterprises have poor conditions, and they often have problems of one kind or another. This is a weak link and should be given attention. It is necessary to eliminate unsafe hidden dangers from the process, from construction equipment and safety protection devices. According to the specific conditions of the coating production, consider the configuration and use of the coating construction equipment and safety protection devices used. For volatile solvents used in indoor construction, closed equipment or air exhaust devices should be used to prevent equipment leakage. If you paint inside tanks or tanks, make sure that the amount of exhaust gas and the amount of intake air are balanced. In short, there must be necessary construction equipment and safety protection devices to ensure the safety of painting production.
Third, improve the construction environment and ensure proper ventilation and ventilation
For spraying construction sites, normal ventilation is very important. It is a fundamental measure to prevent the occurrence of fires and explosions, and it is also an important measure to prevent harmful gases from exceeding the standards. Under normal circumstances, the areas of the windows and other openings that are directly exposed to the outside air should be more than 1/20 of the floor area of ​​the paint shop before normal ventilation can take place. If there is a good ventilation and ventilation equipment, it will not be limited by the above ratio. The actual situation of coating production, the amount of use of the coating and the type are often changes, the generation and emission of volatile gases are not balanced, are with time, area, spraying conditions without any regular changes. To this end, it is necessary to constantly carry out necessary inspections, strictly control the "three wastes" exceeding the standard, identify problems, and solve them in a timely manner. There must not be an idea of ​​work and rest.
Fourth, to strengthen the construction environment testing to prevent "three wastes" exceeded
For indoor construction, check the air concentration at least once every six months to maintain a good construction environment. This is because the coating production is relatively normal and there is no difference. For large variations in coating production, such as large changes in production and processes, it is necessary to carry out timely inspections of important parts, that is, parts with large unsafe factors. Grasp the changing status of data in each part so that appropriate measures can be taken. For widely used organic mixed solvents, such as acetone, xylene, toluene, ethanol acetate, dichloroethane, etc., it is necessary to periodically check the degree of contamination and determine the sampling site. Mainly selected in the interior of the exhauster, exhaust outlet, floor, near the ceiling and other parts, and determine the concentration distribution, as well as select the location of the same plane spacing as the measurement point. According to the measured data and distribution status, check with the control standards. Exceeding the standard, it shall take corresponding measures to deal with it to prevent the occurrence of the accident and ensure that the construction has a good and safe environment.
V. Protection of operators
During the painting process, the operator operates directly at the place where the paint and the solvent are used in the construction site. Various toxic gases and solvents are infiltrated into the entire site. Therefore, it is very necessary and necessary for the operator to protect himself. This is also an important part of the coating security technology.
Construction workers should wear various protective equipment such as work clothes, gloves, masks, masks, glasses, and shoes and hats during the painting operation. Do not let the solvent touch the skin. At the same time, rub the exposed skin with medical petrolatum or other skin care products. The solvent has a low boiling point, rapid volatilization, and high toxicity. Special attention should be paid to the spraying operation field where the air intake pipe is easy to inhale.
Volatile gases that are emitted during construction have a severe irritant and harmful effect on human nerves when the concentration is high, and can cause cramps, dizziness, coma, and dilated pupils. At low concentrations, headaches, nausea, fatigue, and abdominal pain occur. If not protected in time, in the long-term exposure can make the appetite diminish, damage the hematopoietic system, the occurrence of chronic poisoning.
Paint mist can not only be inhaled through the lungs but also can be absorbed through skin and stomach. The surface of the human body is in contact with the paint for a long period of time, which can dissolve the fat on the surface of the skin and cause the skin to dry, crack, redden and may cause skin diseases.
Some paint pigments contain toxic components such as red lead, lead chrome yellow, etc. This type of paint should be applied by brush. It is best not to spray paint. When used, precautions should be taken. This coating can cause acute or chronic lead poisoning. The best alternative is to use other paints to reduce the possibility of poisoning.
After spray booth painting, do not immediately stop ventilation and ventilation equipment, let the operation continue for a period of time, the residual paint mist and solvent volatile gases.
After painting, if operators feel that the trachea is dry, it is because of the evaporation of solvent in the inhalation of paint mist. Drink plenty of warm water. When clearing the spray gun and tools, try not to touch the skin with the solvent. When finished, wipe off the petrolatum or other skin care products on the skin, then wash your face with lukewarm water and soap. It is best to shower often.
Regular inspections should be performed on the painting operators, and operators who are intoxicated should be given timely medical treatment.
In the painting environment, working 8 hours a day, although working in a safe environment, everyone's sensitivity and affordability are not exactly the same. The longer the time is, the longer the time is spent, and it is inevitable that the body will not be affected. Therefore, the necessary protective measures must be taken at the painting work site, which can be considered from the following aspects.
First, establish the first thought of safety, enhance the concept of protection
When carrying out painting construction, it is necessary to establish the first thought of safety, strengthen the concept of protection, and implement specific safety protection measures. First of all, it is necessary to understand the type and characteristics of the paint, the manner of damage to the human body by the toxicity, the precautions for the use of the paint, and the first-aid measures when poisoning may occur. Especially in the indoor, cabin, underground construction sites, mines, vehicles and other poorly ventilated or not ventilated environment construction, must not exceed the maximum allowable concentration of solvents and working hours.
Beforehand, the construction personnel must understand the signs for the possession of toxic solvents, and master the safe use of solvents. In particular, the person in charge of construction and the person in charge of safety must establish a clear post responsibility system, supervise and inspect the implementation of safety production and labor protection regulations and relevant operating procedures. The use of construction methods, the release of labor protection products, and the normal operation of ventilation and ventilation equipment must be supervised as necessary, and safety education should always be carried out for construction personnel, and the concepts of safety first thought and labor protection should be firmly established to eliminate all kinds of inconveniences. The hidden dangers of security ensure safe production.
Second, ensure the normal operation of construction equipment and safety protection devices
In the process of painting construction, the correct construction process, normal intact construction equipment and safety protection devices are the fundamental guarantees for safe production. They are indispensable and a complete system engineering.
Today, with the rapid development of science and technology, in all modern people pay attention to the modern production of safety, the general conditions of painting production sites are still relatively good. However, in some maintenance enterprises, some township and village enterprises have poor conditions, and they often have problems of one kind or another. This is a weak link and should be given attention. It is necessary to eliminate unsafe hidden dangers from the process, from construction equipment and safety protection devices. According to the specific conditions of the coating production, consider the configuration and use of the coating construction equipment and safety protection devices used. For volatile solvents used in indoor construction, closed equipment or air exhaust devices should be used to prevent equipment leakage. If you paint inside tanks or tanks, make sure that the amount of exhaust gas and the amount of intake air are balanced. In short, there must be necessary construction equipment and safety protection devices to ensure the safety of painting production.
Third, improve the construction environment and ensure proper ventilation and ventilation
For spraying construction sites, normal ventilation is very important. It is a fundamental measure to prevent the occurrence of fires and explosions, and it is also an important measure to prevent harmful gases from exceeding the standards. Under normal circumstances, the areas of the windows and other openings that are directly exposed to the outside air should be more than 1/20 of the floor area of ​​the paint shop before normal ventilation can take place. If there is a good ventilation and ventilation equipment, it will not be limited by the above ratio. The actual situation of coating production, the amount of use of the coating and the type are often changes, the generation and emission of volatile gases are not balanced, are with time, area, spraying conditions without any regular changes. To this end, it is necessary to constantly carry out necessary inspections, strictly control the "three wastes" exceeding the standard, identify problems, and solve them in a timely manner. There must not be an idea of ​​work and rest.
Fourth, to strengthen the construction environment testing to prevent "three wastes" exceeded
For indoor construction, check the air concentration at least once every six months to maintain a good construction environment. This is because the coating production is relatively normal and there is no difference. For large variations in coating production, such as large changes in production and processes, it is necessary to carry out timely inspections of important parts, that is, parts with large unsafe factors. Grasp the changing status of data in each part so that appropriate measures can be taken. For widely used organic mixed solvents, such as acetone, xylene, toluene, ethanol acetate, dichloroethane, etc., it is necessary to periodically check the degree of contamination and determine the sampling site. Mainly selected in the interior of the exhauster, exhaust outlet, floor, near the ceiling and other parts, and determine the concentration distribution, as well as select the location of the same plane spacing as the measurement point. According to the measured data and distribution status, check with the control standards. Exceeding the standard, it shall take corresponding measures to deal with it to prevent the occurrence of the accident and ensure that the construction has a good and safe environment.
V. Protection of operators
During the painting process, the operator operates directly at the place where the paint and the solvent are used in the construction site. Various toxic gases and solvents are infiltrated into the entire site. Therefore, it is very necessary and necessary for the operator to protect himself. This is also an important part of the coating security technology.
Construction workers should wear various protective equipment such as work clothes, gloves, masks, masks, glasses, and shoes and hats during the painting operation. Do not let the solvent touch the skin. At the same time, rub the exposed skin with medical petrolatum or other skin care products. The solvent has a low boiling point, rapid volatilization, and high toxicity. Special attention should be paid to the spraying operation field where the air intake pipe is easy to inhale.
Volatile gases that are emitted during construction have a severe irritant and harmful effect on human nerves when the concentration is high, and can cause cramps, dizziness, coma, and dilated pupils. At low concentrations, headaches, nausea, fatigue, and abdominal pain occur. If not protected in time, in the long-term exposure can make the appetite diminish, damage the hematopoietic system, the occurrence of chronic poisoning.
Paint mist can not only be inhaled through the lungs but also can be absorbed through skin and stomach. The surface of the human body is in contact with the paint for a long period of time, which can dissolve the fat on the surface of the skin and cause the skin to dry, crack, redden and may cause skin diseases.
Some paint pigments contain toxic components such as red lead, lead chrome yellow, etc. This type of paint should be applied by brush. It is best not to spray paint. When used, precautions should be taken. This coating can cause acute or chronic lead poisoning. The best alternative is to use other paints to reduce the possibility of poisoning.
After spray booth painting, do not immediately stop ventilation and ventilation equipment, let the operation continue for a period of time, the residual paint mist and solvent volatile gases.
After painting, if operators feel that the trachea is dry, it is because of the evaporation of solvent in the inhalation of paint mist. Drink plenty of warm water. When clearing the spray gun and tools, try not to touch the skin with the solvent. When finished, wipe off the petrolatum or other skin care products on the skin, then wash your face with lukewarm water and soap. It is best to shower often.
Regular inspections should be performed on the painting operators, and operators who are intoxicated should be given timely medical treatment.
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