Balanced fertilization should be based on the principle of soil production, nitrogen production, lack of supplement, organic and inorganic, and balanced application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. On the basis of soil testing, according to soil characteristics, climatic characteristics, cultivation habits, production levels and other conditions, the target yield is determined, and the optimum amount of nitrogen fertilizer and the optimal ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are proposed. Each 100 kg of rice needs to absorb 2.0-2.4 kg of nitrogen, 0.9-1.4 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, 2.5-3.8 kg of potassium oxide, and a ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of about 1:0.5:1.3. The operation rules for rice with a yield of 400-500 kg per mu are as follows:
1. The amount of organic fertilizer: The amount of organic fertilizer accounts for about 50% of the total fertilization amount, so it is necessary to re-apply organic fertilizer. The early rice is applied with 1500-2500 kilograms of fresh green manure or 1000-1500 kilograms of manure fertilizer or 60-80 kilograms of commercial organic fertilizer, 200-250 kilograms of dried straw per acre in the late rice, 1000-1500 kilograms of manure fertilizer or 80-100 kilograms of commercial organic fertilizer. .
2. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio: 400-500 kg per mu of rice, a total of 10-12 kg of pure nitrogen, 4.5-5.5 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, 13-16 kg of potassium oxide, and a ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. 1:0.4:1.3.
3. Selection of fertilizer varieties: use high-quality and high-efficiency urea, ammonium bicarbonate, calcium magnesium phosphate or superphosphate; single fertilizer such as potassium sulfate or potassium chloride or special fertilizer for rice and compound fertilizer.
4. Application period:
(1) Base fertilizer: organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer are all applied as base fertilizer, organic fertilizer is applied before tillage, and 35-40 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 15-20 kg of ammonium bicarbonate and potassium sulfate 8 are applied per mu. 10 kg or potassium chloride 6-8 kg.
(2) Topdressing: Topdressing should be divided into two applications. The first topdressing should be applied about 7 days after transplanting, 7.5-9 kg of urea per mu, 6-7.5 kg of potassium sulfate or 5-6 kg of potassium chloride; The second top dressing is applied about 15 days after transplanting, 8-10 kg of urea per mu, 10-12 kg of potassium sulfate or 8-10 kg of potassium chloride.
(3) Spike fertilizer: the stage of young panicle differentiation (about 25 days after transplanting early rice and 30 days after transplanting late rice), if the color of the leaves turns yellow, it can apply 2 - 2.5 kg of urea per acre and 3-4 kg of potassium chloride. .
(4) Spraying foliar fertilizer: spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate or rice foliar fertilizer at the booting stage and maturity stage.
1. The amount of organic fertilizer: The amount of organic fertilizer accounts for about 50% of the total fertilization amount, so it is necessary to re-apply organic fertilizer. The early rice is applied with 1500-2500 kilograms of fresh green manure or 1000-1500 kilograms of manure fertilizer or 60-80 kilograms of commercial organic fertilizer, 200-250 kilograms of dried straw per acre in the late rice, 1000-1500 kilograms of manure fertilizer or 80-100 kilograms of commercial organic fertilizer. .
2. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio: 400-500 kg per mu of rice, a total of 10-12 kg of pure nitrogen, 4.5-5.5 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, 13-16 kg of potassium oxide, and a ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. 1:0.4:1.3.
3. Selection of fertilizer varieties: use high-quality and high-efficiency urea, ammonium bicarbonate, calcium magnesium phosphate or superphosphate; single fertilizer such as potassium sulfate or potassium chloride or special fertilizer for rice and compound fertilizer.
4. Application period:
(1) Base fertilizer: organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer are all applied as base fertilizer, organic fertilizer is applied before tillage, and 35-40 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 15-20 kg of ammonium bicarbonate and potassium sulfate 8 are applied per mu. 10 kg or potassium chloride 6-8 kg.
(2) Topdressing: Topdressing should be divided into two applications. The first topdressing should be applied about 7 days after transplanting, 7.5-9 kg of urea per mu, 6-7.5 kg of potassium sulfate or 5-6 kg of potassium chloride; The second top dressing is applied about 15 days after transplanting, 8-10 kg of urea per mu, 10-12 kg of potassium sulfate or 8-10 kg of potassium chloride.
(3) Spike fertilizer: the stage of young panicle differentiation (about 25 days after transplanting early rice and 30 days after transplanting late rice), if the color of the leaves turns yellow, it can apply 2 - 2.5 kg of urea per acre and 3-4 kg of potassium chloride. .
(4) Spraying foliar fertilizer: spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate or rice foliar fertilizer at the booting stage and maturity stage.
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