Apple's calcium deficiency and calcium supplementation

In the orchard fertilization, due to the influence of traditional habits, people only pay attention to the input of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, while the calcium fertilizer supplement is insufficient. The physiological and sexual diseases caused by calcium deficiency are aggravated year by year, causing large areas such as apple bitter plaque.


Calcium deficiency symptoms Calcium is an essential nutrient for apples. Severe calcium deficiency can lead to necrosis of fruit trees. The symptoms of calcium deficiency are first manifested in the new tissue: 1. Root symptoms form a multi-branched short-root group, which is the “broom root”. In severe cases, the root tip is dead. 2. Branch and leaf symptoms The new shoots of the tree stopped growing prematurely, the young leaves were curled, the edges of the leaves were yellow, and the midribs of the leaves had necrotic spots. 3. The fruit symptoms begin to appear when the fruit is near maturity. The symptoms gradually spread and spread over time. The fruit shows small brown necrotic spots, the flesh shrinks into a sponge shape, and the heart is watery, forming bitter pox disease. Spot disease and water heart disease, the physiological diseases caused by calcium deficiency in bagged apples are more serious.


Calcium supplement technology Calcium supplementation should be adapted to local conditions. In the process of apple growth, comprehensive calcium supplementation measures are implemented in a targeted manner.


1. Adjusting the pH value of the soil Generally, the orchard soil with strong acidity is insufficient, and the pH value of the orchard soil must be adjusted to a suitable range. The reason for the strong acidity of the orchard soil is that the fertilization is unreasonable, such as the application of physiological acid fertilizers such as potassium sulfate and potassium chloride. In addition, some long-term use of superphosphates in orchards contains a large amount of free acid, which will increase the acidity of the soil year by year. To solve the problem of soil acidity: 1 Replace the fertilizer: the nitrogen fertilizer is mainly urea, the phosphate fertilizer is changed to calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, the potassium fertilizer is potassium sulfate: 2 calcium supplement is generally 60 kilograms to 70 kilograms per acre of calcium carbonate, which has good effect of improving soil acidity. , thereby directly increasing the content of soil exchangeable calcium. The pH value of the soil can be adjusted to 6.5-7.5 after 2 years of application; 3 control of nitrogen fertilizer: excessive nitrogen fertilizer will affect the absorption of calcium.


2. Adding organic fertilizers Adding organic fertilizers is an effective measure to increase soil organic matter content and enhance soil's ability to retain calcium. Organic fertilizers are generally neutral and contain a large amount of trace elements, which can ensure the absorption of roots.


3, foliar spray fertilizer, the whole process of calcium supplementation Young fruit period is the most prosperous period of apple absorption of calcium. Due to the poor mobility of calcium, it is necessary to implement the whole process of calcium supplementation. The time should start from two weeks after the apple falls, and the leaf surface sprays 350 times liquid amino acid calcium or 800 times liquid amino acid calcium treasure liquid fertilizer, sprayed every 12 days to 14 days. Second, even spray 2 to 3 times. Bagging apples spray more than 2 times of foliar calcium fertilizer before bagging to ensure sufficient calcium nutrition in the young fruit period; 40 days to 50 days before fruit picking, spray again.

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